Analyze public health impacts of urban heat islands and effectiveness of cooling strategies, focusing on equity dimensions.

Temperature mapping of 25+ cities; health outcome analysis (heat mortality, hospital admissions) by neighborhood; green space and pavement intervention impact; cost-effectiveness of cooling strategies; equity analysis of green space access; vulnerable population identification; climate justice framework.

Urban heat major health risk with unequal distribution: heat mortality 3-6x higher in low-income, low-green neighborhoods. Green space provides 2-4°C cooling but inequitably distributed - wealthier areas have 2-3x more canopy. Cool pavements and reflective roofs show 1-2°C cooling but expensive. Green space creation in poor areas costly ($10K-50K annually) requiring sustained funding. Informal settlements most vulnerable but least serviced. Adaptation increases gentrification risk.